For many years now, with the availability of increasing computing power and the development of specialized data processing and analysis techniques, the in silico approach has been gaining importance. Nowdays it is broadly used to describe, model, simulate and visualize biological and medical processes, and it is a fundation of computational biology and computational biomedicine.  The goal of research in these areas is to provide high-fidelity descriptions and predictions of the behavior of complex biological and biomedical systems. They are of fundamental scientific value and directly imply the emergence of innovative IT solutions that provide important support for clinicians in making diagnostic decisions in the face of ever-increasing amounts of available data.